Effect of Nitrogen and Manure Application on Agronomic Traits and Essential Oil content of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)
Subject Areas : Environmental sustainability
Siamak Shafeei
1
,
Majid Majidian
2
,
Gholamreza Mohsenabadi
3
,
Hamed Kioumarsi
4
*
1 - Horticulture Crops Research Department, Gilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Rasht, Iran
2 - Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
3 - Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
4 - بخش تحقیقات علوم دامی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران
Keywords: Chemical fertilizer, Medicinal plant, Grain yield, Organic matter,
Abstract :
Considering the adverse effects of chemical fertilizers on the environment, to evaluate the effect of different amounts of nitrogen fertilizer and manure on agronomic traits and essential oil content of Fennel, an experiment was conducted in Guilan Agricultural Research Center. In this experiment, pure nitrogen fertilizer was used at four levels of 0, 60, 120, and 180 kg ha-1and the manure was used at four levels of 0, 6, 12, and 18 tonsha-1. The results showed that the highest plant height, number of seeds per umbrella, and biological yield related to combined treatment were 180 kg of nitrogen with 18 tons of manure per hectare. Maximum number of umbrellas per plant, seed weight per plant, 1000 seed weight, and grain yield were obtained using 120 kg of pure nitrogen with 18 tons of manure, with the highest grain yield of 950.43 kg ha-1and minimum in control treatment was obtained in the amount of 655.4 kg ha-1. Highest percentage of essential oil and essential oil yield with the application of 60 kg of pure nitrogen with 18 tons of manure was obtained 1.946 % and 17.15 kg ha-1 respectively. According to the results, it seems that the application of manure can be an appropriate alternative to reduce the use of nitrogen fertilizer in the cultivation of fennel. The result showed that it is possible to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers by using animal manures and at the same time achieve optimal efficiency and reduce the adverse effects of chemical fertilizers.
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