Investigation of thorium adsorption from aqueous solutions by XAD-7 resin impregnated with a mixture of phosphate compounds in a batch system
Subject Areas : Chemical Engineering (Environmental Pollution)
1 -
Keywords: Adsorption, Isotherm model, Thorium separation, XAD-7, Impregnation, Phosphate compounds,
Abstract :
It is necessary to separate and determine the exact amount of thorium in nuclear wastes due to its high toxicity. In this study, thorium ions were adsorbed in a batch system by Amberlite XAD-7 ion exchange resin impregnated with phosphate compounds such as TOPO (tri-octylphosphine oxide) and T2EHP (tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate). The effect of important and effective parameters on the adsorption process such as pH, time, temperature and the presence of interfering ions, as well as the effect of appropriate detergent on desorption, was investigated and evaluated. Thermodynamic relationships and several isothermal adsorption models including Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Langmuir and Temkin were investigated to describe the adsorption equilibrium. Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) was used to determine the amount of thorium adsorption. The structure of the modified adsorbent was investigated by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) methods. Based on the results obtained from the tests of thorium adsorption on XAD-7 resins impregnated with phosphate compounds, it was concluded that the adsorption reaction is a spontaneous (negative Gibbs free energy changes) and an exothermic process (negative enthalpy changes). Among the isothermal adsorption models, the nonlinear Redlich-Peterson model had the best result at 35 °C.
[1] Moore, J.W., Sutherland, D.J., 1981. Distribution of heavy metals and radionuclides in sediments, water, and fish in an area of Great Bear Lake contaminated with mine wastes. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 10 (3), 329–338.
[2] Kuroda, P.K., Barbod, T., Bakhtiar, S.N., 1987. Effect of the eruptions of Mount St. Helens and El Chichon on the ratios of thorium and uranium isotopes in rain. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 111, 137–146.
[3] Fruchter, J.S., Robertson, D.E., Evans, J.C., Olsen, K.B., Lepel, E.A., Laul, J.C., et al., 1980. Reports—Mount St. Helens ash from the 18 May 1980 eruption: chemical, physical, mineralogical and biological properties. Science 209 (4461), 1116–1125.
[4] McNabb, G.J., Kirk, J.A., Thompson, J.L., 1979. Radionuclides from phosphate-ore processing plants: the environmental impact after 30 years of operation. Health Phys. 37 (4), 585–587.
[5] Sill, C.W., 1977. Determination of thorium and uranium isotopes in ores and mill tailings by alpha spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 49 (4), 618–621.
[6] Navarro, R., Guzman, J., Saucedo, I., Revilla, J., Guibal, E., 2007a. Vanadium recovery from oil fly ash by leaching, precipitation and solvent extraction processes. Waste Manage. 27 (3), 425–438.
[7] Navarro, R., Saucedo, I., Avila, M., Gonzalez, M.P., Garcia, S., Guibal, E., 2007b. Zinc(II) extraction from hydrochloric acid solution using Amberlite XAD-7 impregnated with Cyanex 921 (Tri-octyl phosphine oxide). Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. 25 (2), 273–297.
[8] Mihăilescu, M., Negrea, A., Ciopec, M. Gold (III) adsorption from dilute waste solutions onto Amberlite XAD7 resin modified with L-glutamic acid. Sci Rep 9, 8757 (2019).
[9] Andreea Gabor, Corneliu Mircea Davidescu, Adina Negrea, Mihaela Ciopec, Cornelia Muntean, Narcis Duteanu* and Petru Negrea.” Sorption properties of Amberlite XAD 7 functionalized with sodium β-glycerophosphate.” Pure Appl. Chem. 2016; 88(12): 1143–1154
[10] Alguacil F.S., Alonso M., Lozano L.J., Chromium(III) Recovery from Waste Acid Solution by Ion Exchange Processing Using Amberlite IR-120 Resin: Batch and Continuous Ion Exchange Modeling, Chemosphere, 57, p. 789 (2004).
[11] Kumar Jha M., Van Nguyen N., Lee J., Jeong J., Yoo J., Adsorption of Copper from Sulphate Solution of Low Copper Contents Using the Cationic Resin Amberlite IR120, J. Hazard. Mater., 164, p. 948 (2009).
[12] Demirbas A., Pehlivan E., Gode F., Altun T., Arslan G., Adsorption of Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), Pb(II), Cd(II) from Aqueous Solution on Amberlite IR-120 Synthetic Resin, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 282, p. 20 (2005).
[13] Saberyan, K., E. Zolfonoun, M. Shamsipur, and M. Salavati-Niasari. 2010. Amberlite XAD-4 impregnated with a new pentadentate Schiff base: A chelating collector for separation and preconcentration of trace amounts of gallium (III) and indium (III). Acta Chimica Slovenica 57:222–9.
[14] S. Chandramouleeswaran, J. Ramkumar, V. Sudarsan, A.V.R. Reddy, Boroaluminosilicate glasses: novel sorbents for separation of Th and U, J. Hazard. Mater. 198 (2011) 159-164
[15] S. Chandramouleeswaran, Jayshree Ramkumar, n-Benzoyl-n-phenylhydroxylamine impregnated Amberlite XAD-4 beads for selective removal of thorium, J. Hazard. Mater. 280 (2014) 514-523
[16] M. Singh, A. Sengupta, Sk. Jayabun, T. Ippili. Understanding the extraction mechanism, radiolytic stability and stripping behavior of thorium by ionic liquid based solvent systems: evidence of ionexchange and solvation mechanism, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Ch. 311 (2017) 195-208
[17] M. Metaxas, V. Kasselouri-Rigopoulou, P. Galiatsatou, C. Konstantopoulou, D. Oikonomou, Thorium removal by different adsorbents, J. Hazard. Mater. 97 (2003) 71-82.
[18] Z. Hongxia, D. Zheng, T. Zuyi, Sorption of thorium (IV) ions on gibbsite: effects of contact time, pH, ionic strength, concentration, phosphate and fulvic acid, Colloid. Surface. A, 278 (2006) 46-52.
[19] Ahmed Hussien Orabi · S. A. Elenein · Sh. S. Abdulmoteleb.” Amberlite XAD 2010 Impregnated with Chrome Azurol S for Separation and Spectrophotometric Determination of Uranium and Thorium.” Chemistry Africa (2019) 2:673–688.
[20] P. D. Bhalara • D. Punetha • K. Balasubramanian.” Kinetic and isotherm analysis for selective thorium(IV) retrieval from aqueous environment using eco-friendly cellulose composite”. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. (2015) 12:3095–3106.
[21] R Navarro, V Gallardo, I Saucedo, E Guibal - Hydrometallurgy, )2009,(Extraction of Fe (III) from hydrochloric acid solutions using Amberlite XAD-7 resin impregnated with trioctylphosphine oxide (Cyanex 921)
[22] M Benamor, Z Bouariche, T Belaid, MT Draa - Separation and Purification Technology,(2008), -Kinetic studies on cadmium ions by Amberlite XAD7 impregnated resins containing di (2- ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid as extractant
[23] L. Dolatyarim M.R. Yaftian, S. Rostamnia, Th(IV)/U(VI) Sorption on Modified SBA–15 Mesoporous Materials in Fixed–Bed Column, Iran. J. Chem. Chem. Eng. 36 (2017) 115-125.
[24] L. Dolatyari, M.R. Yaftian, S. Rostamnia, Adsorption of Th(IV) and U(VI) on functionalized SBA-15 mesoporous silica materials using fixed bed column method; breakthrough curves prediction and modeling, Sep. Sci. Technol. 53 (2018) 1282-1294.
[25] R Navarro, V Gallardo, I Saucedo, E Guibal - Hydrometallurgy, )2009,(Extraction of Fe (III) from hydrochloric acid solutions using Amberlite XAD-7 resin impregnated with trioctylphosphine oxide (Cyanex 921)
[26] M Benamor, Z Bouariche, T Belaid, MT Draa - Separation and Purification Technology,(2008), -Kinetic studies on cadmium ions by Amberlite XAD7 impregnated resins containing di (2- ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid as extractant
[27] Remya, P.N., Reddy, M.L., 2004. Solvent extraction separation of titanium (IV) vanadium (V) and iron(III) from simulated waste chloride liquors of titanium minerals processing industry by the trialkyphosphine oxide Cyanex 923. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 79 (7), 734–741.
[28] Krystyna Prochaska, Marzena Walczak, and Katarzyna Staszak.,2002;Estimation of Trioctylphosphine Oxide (TOPO) Diffusion Coefficients by Dynamic Adsorption Measurements in Model Extraction Systems; Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 248, 143–148 (2002)
[29] Merdivan, M., Düz, M.Z., Hamamci, C., 2001. Sorption behaviour of uranium (VI) with N,Ndibutyl-N'-benzylthiourea impregnated in Amberlite XAD-16. Talanta 55 (3), 639–645
[30] Ribeiro, C.P., Costa, A.O.S., Lopes, I.P.B., Campos, F.F., Ferreira, A.A., Salum, A., 2004. Cobalt extraction and cobalt–nickel separation from a simulated industrial leaching liquor by liquid surfactant membranes using Cyanex 302 as carrier. J. Membr. Sci. 241 (1), 45–54
[31] J. Korkisch, I. Steffan, “Determination of uranium and Thorium after anion exchange separation,” Analy. Chimica. Acta, 90, 151-158.(1977).