مرکز منطقه ای اطلاع رسانی علوم و فناوری فصلنامه رشد فناوری 1735-5486 4 16 2008 12 21 Investigating the Effects of R&D globalization in innovation and technology development بررسي تاثيرات جهاني شدن R&D بر توسعه تکنولوژي و نوآوري 1 10 fa رضا رادفر عباس خمسه 2014 8 31 Increasing the competitive space and motivation for duration in markets, is a cause to move countries and organizations that concentrate their activities on core productions and core competencies. This matter requires large investment in researches and technologic innovations. Nowadays, performing the researches in organizations is based on of guidance purpose and supporting the innovation and R&D activities in organizations must be concentrate to the best opportunities that create the new business or change the present business of organizations. Also, intensity of globalization competitive in recent lathes is ended to increasing the countries and organizations support from R&D activities. Researches complexities base on technology and innovation and also business and market is a cause for reconsideration in activities direction and its dimensions, scales and positions. In present century, R&D result has a great impact on innovation, quality improvement, the standard level of life, and increases the markets share and the other factors that are effective for competitiveness of organizations. With appearance of globalization phenomena, the methods for access to technology has been changed, and new methods have been created that make possible for countries and organizations the accessibility to research in different levels. In recent lathes, most part of R&D activities performs by use of foreign direct investment (FDI) by trans national corporations (TNCs), but these corporations performs main activities of R&D in its laboratory for containing the competitive advantage that is ended to product of knowledge and also performs more development activities and relation with market in another countries and near the consumption markets. We are trying in this paper to present the definition abut globalization, R&D and also, difference between R and D, to investigate effects of globalization process on R&D consist of : appearance of new methods for technology reception that is ended to access to development and knowledge researches. Especially, FDI method, investigate the effective factors from R&D and present the related static with many factors in another countries, mandatory of R&D and audit of innovation in organizations, introducing the many related factors with R&D such as cost, market, technology, competitive advantage, ... , and opportunities resulted from globalization process on R&D activities in under developed countries. افزايش رقابت و انگيزه بقاء بسياري از سازمان‌ها را برآن داشته که فعاليت‌هاي خود را بر توليدات اساسي و توانمندي‌هاي محوري متمرکز کنند که اين امر مستلزم سرمايه‌گذاري در تحقيقات و ايجاد نوآوري‌هاي تکنولوژيک مي‌باشد. انجام تحقيقات در سازمان‌ها با هدف حمايت از نوآوري صورت مي‌گيرد و فعاليت‌هاي R&D بايد فرصت‌هاي کسب‌وکار جديدي خلق کرده و يا کسب‌وکار فعلي سازمان را متحول نمايد. همچنين شدت يافتن رقابت موجب افزايش حمايت کشورها و سازمان‌ها از فعاليت‌هاي R&D شده است. پيچيدگي‌هاي تحقيقات مبتني بر دانش، تکنولوژي و نوآوري و نيز پويايي کسب‌وکار و بازار، سازمان‌ها را مجبور کرده تا در حجم، مقياس، موقعيت مکاني و جهت‌گيري فعاليت‌هايشان تجديدنظر کنند. امروزه R&D تاثير مستقيمي بر نوآوري، بهره‌وري، کيفيت، سطح استاندارد زندگي، سهم بازار و نيز ديگر عواملي که در افزايش توان رقابتي سازمان‌ها موثر هستند، دارد. با ظهور پديده جهاني شدن روش‌هاي کسب تکنولوژي نيز تغيير کرده و روش‌هاي جديدي خلق گرديده که به کشورها و سازمان‌ها امکان دستيابي به تحقيقات در سطوح مختلف را مي‌دهد. در اين مقاله سعي شده تا ضمن ارائه تعريفي از جهاني شدن و R&D، به بررسي تاثيرات جهاني شدن بر R&D شامل ظهور روش‌هاي جديد کسب تکنولوژي که منجر به دسترسي به تحقيقات دانشي و توسعه‌اي مي‌گردد، بررسي شاخص‌هاي تاثيرپذير از R&D، لزوم مميزي R&D و نوآوري در سازمان‌ها، معرفي برخي از فاکتورهاي مرتبط با R&D نظير هزينه، بازار، تکنولوژي، مزيت رقابتي و چالش‌ها و فرصت‌هاي حاصل از فرآيند جهاني شدن بر فعاليت‌هاي R&D در کشورهاي در حال توسعه، پرداخته شود. http://roshdefanavari.ir/en/Article/Download/20201