مروری بر انواع سوپرجاذب های مورد استفاده در بخش کشاورزی و بررسی سنتز دو نوع جاذب با استفاده از منابع بازیافتی جهت صرفه جویی در منابع آب
محورهای موضوعی : آلودگی منابع آب
سیده بهاره عظیمی
1
(پژوهشکده محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار)
کلید واژه: سوپرجاذب ها, کشاورزی , هیدروکسی اتیل سلولز,
چکیده مقاله :
آب یکی از مشکلات جهان امروز است و صرفه جویی در مصرف آن ضروری است. بسیاری از نقاط کره زمین با شرایط خشکسالی مواجه هستند .هدف از پژوهش حاضر تجزیه و تحلیل تکنیک‌های جدید و متفاوت در کشاورزی نوین است. در این راستا سعی شده است روش های نوینی با استفاده از سوپر جاذب ها معرفی شود. با پیشرفت علم و فناوری، مواد پلیمری بسیار عالی برای حفظ آب، بیشتر ساخته شده است. در این مقاله، پیشرفت تحقیقاتی عوامل نگهدارنده آب مبتنی بر پلیمرهای طبیعی و مصنوعی در 10 سال اخیر بررسی شده است. در نهایت سنتز دو نوع سوپر جاذب طبیعی و مصنوعی با استفاده از مواد بازیافتی شرح داده می شود. هیدروکسی اتیل سلولز، دارای ویژگی عالی یک سوپر جاذب همچون زیست تخریب پذیر بودن، غیر سمی، قابلیت جذب بالای آب، می-باشد و یکی از مشتقات سلولز می باشد که در موارد آبگیری، تصفیه فاضلاب، غشاهای الکترولیتی، داروسازی، آفت کش ها، خاک جایگزین در کشاورزی کاربردهای فراوان دارد. و استفاده از آن را می توان با ترکیب کردن با پلیمرهای مختلف گسترش داد. این ترکیب امکان تشکیل بیو مواد جدید با خواص بهبود یافته و کاربردهای گوناگون را دارد. در نتیجه تهیه یک عامل نگهدارنده آب با چشم اندازی کاربردی در کشاورزی ، نه تنها جذب آب و حفظ آب در خاک را تقویت می کند، بلکه مقاوم به شوری است و دارای استحکام مکانیکی، قابلیت استفاده مجدد و از نظر اقتصادی مقرون به صرفه نیز می باشد. همه این ویژگی ها در سوپر جاذب های معرفی شده وجود دارد.
Water is one of the problems of today's world and it is necessary to conserve it. Many parts of the world are facing drought conditions. The purpose of this research is to analyze new and different techniques in modern agriculture. In this regard, it has been tried to introduce new methods using super absorbents. With the advancement of science and technology, excellent polymer materials have been developed to retain water. In this article, water retention agents based on natural and synthetic polymers have been reviewed in the last 10 years. Finally, the synthesis of two types of natural and synthetic super absorbents using recycled materials is described. Hydroxyethyl cellulose has excellent characteristics of a superabsorbent such as being biodegradable, non-toxic, high water absorption, and is one of the derivatives of cellulose, which is used in water extraction, wastewater treatment, electrolytic membranes, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides. Alternative soil has many applications in agriculture. And its use can be expanded by combining with different polymers. This combination allows the formation of new biomaterials with improved properties and various applications. As a result of preparing a water retention agent with a practical perspective in agriculture, it not only enhances water absorption and water retention in the soil, but also is resistant to salinity and has mechanical strength, re usability and economic value. is. All these features are present in the introduced super absorbents.
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