بررسی بقایای آفت¬کش¬های موینفوس و اتیون در سیب و انگور و ارزیابی ریسک سلامتی بر اساس شبیه¬سازی مونت کارلو
محورهای موضوعی : مهندسی بهداشت محیط
بهزاد محمدی خانقاهی
1
,
ندا سهیلی ملکی
2
,
لیلا عباس زاده
3
,
غلامحسین صفری
4
*
1 - دانشکده بهداشت، گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، تبریز، ایران
2 - دانشکده بهداشت، گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، تبریز، ایران
3 - دانشکده بهداشت، گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، تبریز، ایران
4 - استادیار گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، تبریز، ایران
کلید واژه: باقیمانده آفت¬کش, انگور, ارزیابی ریسک, شبیه سازی مونت کارلو, مراغه,
چکیده مقاله :
بقایای آفت کش های موینفوس و اتیون در 32 نمونه (20 نمونه سیب و 12 نمونه انگور) مراغه، در دو تیمار شسته نشده و شسته شده پس از استخراج با روش تجزیه ای راحت، سریع، مؤثر و ایمن (QuEChERS ) توسط دستگاه کروماتوگرافی گازی و طیفسنجی جرمی (GC/MS ) آنالیز شدند. همچنین، ارزیابی ریسک بهداشتی ناشی از آفت کش ها در محصولات سیب و انگور با استفاده از شاخص نسبت خطر (HQ) و براساس شبیه سازی مونتکارلو برای دو گروه سنی بزرگسالان و کودکان انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین باقیمانده آفتکش اتیون در نمونه های سیب و انگور پایینتر از حداکثر باقیمانده مجاز (MRL) ایران است، در حالیکه میانگین باقیمانده آفت کش موینفوس در نمونه های سیب و انگور بالاتر از MRL ایران است. همچنین باقیمانده آفت کش های اتیون و موینفوس در 100 درصد نمونه های سیب و انگور آنالیز شده بالاتر از MRL اتحادیه اروپا بود. میانگین باقیمانده آفتکشهای موینفوس و اتیون پس از شستشو در نمونه های سیب به ترتیب 47 و 45 درصد و در نمونه های انگور 44 و 42 درصد کاهش یافت. نتایج ارزیابی ریسک بهداشتی براساس شبیه سازی مونتکارلو نشان داد که مقدار HQ با اطمینان 100 درصد در گروه های سنی کودکان و بزرگسالان کمتر از یک است. از اینرو، مصرف سیب و انگور با این دو آفت کش هیچگونه خطر قابل توجهی برای سلامتی مصرف کنندگان ندارند. با اینحال، با توجه به استفاده از آفت کش های متعدد، نظارت مستمر و دقیق و مقررات سختگیرانه در رابطه با کیفیت و ایمنی میوه ها و سبزیجات توصیه میشود.
The residues of Moinfos and Ethion pesticides in 20 samples of apples and 12 samples of grapes, in two treatments, unwashed and washed, after extraction with a convenient, fast, effective, and safe analytical method (QuEChERS) were analyzed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Also, the health risk assessment of pesticide residues in apple and grape samples was done using the hazard quotient (HQ) and based on the Monte Carlo simulation for two age groups of adults and children. The results showed that the average residue of ethion in unwashed apple and grape samples was lower than the maximum residue levels of the MRLs of Iran. While, the average residue of Moinphos in unwashed apple and grape samples was higher than the MRLs of Iran. Also, the pesticide residues of Ethion and Moinfos in 100% of the apple and grape samples were higher than the MRL of the European Union. After washing, the average residue of Moinfos and Ethion pesticides decreased by 47 and 45% in apple samples and 44 and 42% in grape samples, respectively. The results of risk assessment based on Monte Carlo simulation showed that the HQ value is less than one with 100% certainty in the age groups of children and adults. Therefore, the consumption of apples and grapes with these two pesticides does not pose any significant risk to the health of consumers. However, due to the use of numerous pesticides, continuous and accurate monitoring and strict regulations regarding the quality and safety of fruits are recommended.
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