Modeling and assessment of the distribution of suspended particles (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) from the stacks of joveyn Cement Factory with the AERMOD model, a step towards sustainable industrial development
Subject Areas : air pollutionGhasem Zolfaghari 1 * , Iman Vaezi 2
1 - Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
2 - Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
Keywords: Environmental pollutants, Emission rate, Ambient air quality standard, Cement industry,
Abstract :
With the development of industries in developing countries, air pollution is a serious threat to health and public health. Sustainable development is a process that envisages a favorable future for human societies. In the sustainable development system, human needs are met by using resources without harming the integrity, beauty and stability of vital systems. The main goal of this study is to simulate the dispersion of suspended particles (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) from the stacks of the joveyn cement factory using the AERMOD8.9 software developed by the Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). Also, the obtained results were compared with the open air quality standard of Organization of Environmental Protection and the global standard of EPA and also, some solutions were provided to reduce pollutants. The results of the modeling show that the concentration of suspended particles in the 24-hour data of the autumn season is 47.7 µg/m3 and for the summer season it is 31.7 µg/m3, which occurs at a distance of 6370 meters from the emission source. The predicted concentration of suspended particles in each of the summer and autumn seasons in a 24-hour period was lower than the international outdoor air quality standard (EPA) and the Iranian environmental standard; its value was equal to 150 µg/m3. |
The estimated concentration of the model for NOX in 24-hour data is 92.44 µg/m3 for the summer season and 39.33 µg/m3 for the autumn season and occurs at the distances of 1950 and 2600 meters from the source, respectively. The predicted concentration of NOX in each of the summer and autumn seasons in a 24-hour period was lower than the standards of the international air quality standard (EPA) of 53 µg/m3 and the Iranian environmental standard of 200 µg/m3. Emission models in industries help to make the necessary changes in line with the sustainable development of the industry.
Atabi, f. Abbaspoor, M. Karbasi, A. Haji seyyed mirza, S.A. (2007). Modeling the emission of suspended particles using the ADMS-Urban model. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 9(1): 1-15. [In Persian]
Ashrafi, Kh. Salimian, M. Momeni, M.R. Karami, Sh. Amini, A. (2014). Modeling of Pollutants Emission from Asphalt Plant and Crusher Devices of Road Construction Projects (Case study: Sarab – Bostanabad Road). Journal of Trasportation Engineering, 4(4): 313-332. [In Persian]
Baroutian, S. Mohebbi, A. Soltani Goharrizi, A. (2006). Measuring and modeling particulate Dispersion: A case study of Kerman Cement Plant. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 136: 468-474.
Cimorelli, A. Perry, S. Venkatram, A. Weil, J. Paine, R. Wilson, R. Lee, R. Peters, W. Brode, R. (2005). AERMOD: A Dispersion Model for Industrial Source Applications. Part I: General Model Formulation and Boundary Layer Characterization. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 44. https://doi.org/10.1175/JAM2227.1
Dimovska, B. Sajn, R. Stafilov, T. Bačeva Andonovska, K. Tănăselia, C. (2014). Determination of atmospheric pollution around the thermoelectric power plant using a moss biomonitoring. Air Quality Atmosphere & Health, 7: 541-557. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-014-0257-8
Departmant Of Enviroment. 2023. https://nacc.doe.ir/portal/home
EPA, 2023. https://www.epa.gov/criteria-air-pollutants/naaqs-table
Glaser, J. (2011). Kirk–Othmer Chemical Technology and the Environment. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 13:539 https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s10098-011-0371-3.
Izadrezaei, A. Ahmadi Nadoushan, M. Lotfi, P. (2023). Modeling the Dispersion of Gaseous Pollutants CO and NO2 from Fixed Sources (Stacks) Using AERMOD model (Maroon petrochemical company). Tibbi- i- kar Journal, 14 (4): 1-13. [In Persian]
Khaleghi, A. Robati, M. Karbassi, A. Farsad, F. (2021). Investigating the Role and Influence of Airborne Pollutant (NO2) Dispersion on Heavy Metals in Soil (Case Study of Syraf Gas Condensate Refinery). Environmental Researches, 12(23): 171-183. [In Persian]
Mohebbi, A. & Baroutian, S. (2006). A Detailed Investigation of Particulate Dispersion from Kerman Cement Plant. Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 3(3): 65-74.
Mohebbi, A. & Baroutian, S. (2007). Numerical Modeling of Particulate Matter Dispersion from Kerman Cement Plant, Iran. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 130: 73-82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-9447-7
Mazur, M. Mintz, R. Lapalme, M. Wiens, B. (2009). Ambient air total gaseous mercury concentrations in the vicinity of coal-fired power plants in Alberta, Canada. Journal of Science of the Total Environment, 408: 373-81.
Noorpoor, A. & Kazemi Shahabi, N. (2013). Dispersion Modeling of Air Pollutants from the Ilam Cement Factory Stack. Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 44(1): 107-116. [In Persian]
Otaru, A. Odigure, J. Okafor, J. Abdulkareem, A. (2013). Model prediction of particulate dispersion from a Cement Mill Stack: Case study of a Cement Plant in Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology, 2(3): 97-110.
Omidi khaniabadi, Y. Goudarzi, Gh. Rashidi, R. Zare, S. Armin, H. Jourvand, M. (2016).A simulation of pollutants dispersion from Dorud cement plant using SCREEN3 Software Model. Yafteh, 17(4): 75-83. [In Persian]
Psiloglou, B.E. Larissi, I.K. Petrakis, M. Paliatsos, A.G. Antoniou, A. Viras, L.G. (2013). Case studies on summertime measurements of O3, NO2, and SO2 with a DOAS system in an urban semi-industrial region in Athens, Greece. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 185(9): 7763-7774. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-013-3134-2
Sadeghi Ravesh, M.H. Khorasani, N. (2009). Investigation of dust effects resulting from cement industries on variation and density of rangeland vegetation cover Case study: Abyek cement factory. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 11(1): 107-119. [In Persian]
Seangkiatiyuth, K. Surapipith, V. Tantrakarnapa, K. Lothongkum, A.W. (2011). Application of the AERMOD modeling system for environmental impact assessment of NO2 emissions from a cement complex. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 23(6): 931-940. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(10)604
Singh, K. Gupta, S. Rai, P. (2013). Identifying pollution sources and predicting urban air quality using ensemble learning methods. Atmospheric Environment, 80: 426-437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.08.023
Tory, K. Cope, M. Hess, G. Lee, S. Puri, K. Manins, P. Wong, N. (2004). The Australian Air Quality Forecasting System. Part III: Case Study of a Melbourne 4Day Photochemical Smog Event. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 43: 680-695. https://doi.org/10.1175/2.
World Health Organization (WHO), 2018 (online). From https://www.who.int/en/news-room/factsheets/detail/ambient-(outdoor)-air-quality-and-health.
Zhang, Q. Wei, Y. Tian, W. Yang, K. (2008). GIS-based emission inventories of urban scale: A case study of Hangzhou, China. Atmospheric Environment, 42(20): 5150-5165.
Zehtab Yazdi, Y. Mansouri, N. Atabi, F. Aghamohammadi, H. (2021). Dispersion Modeling of Particulate Matters (PM2.5, PM10) from Asphalt Plants in the Southwest of Tehran. Journal of Environmental Health Engineering, 8 (4): 375-390. [In Persian]
Zolfaghari, Gh. Nezamparvar, S. Rajabzadeh, V. (2021). Measurement and modeling of pollutants in cement plant using Screen View model: case study, Zaveh cement factory. Journal of Environmental Sciences Studies, 6(2): 3720-3729. [In Persian]