بهینه‌سازی فرآیند انعقاد و لخته‌سازی برای کاهش مواد آلی در پساب صنایع لاتکس با استفاده از روش سطح پاسخ (RSM)

چکیده مقاله :

پساب صنایع تولید دستکش، به‌ویژه پساب حاوی لاتکس، به‌دلیل دارا بودن ترکیبات آلی مقاوم، کلوئیدهای پایدار و مواد افزودنی شیمیایی، از جمله پساب‌های دشوار برای تصفیه محسوب می‌شود. هدف این پژوهش، بهینه‌سازی فرآیند شیمیایی انعقاد و لخته‌سازی برای کاهش بار آلی این نوع پساب با استفاده از روش سطح پاسخ (RSM) بود. برای این منظور، سه منعقدکننده شامل آلومینیم سولفات (Alum)، فریک کلراید (FeCl₃) و پلی‌آلومینیوم کلراید (PAC) همراه با کمک‌منعقدکننده‌های آهک و پلی‌الکترولیت پلیمری (پلی‌آکریل‌آمید) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. طراحی آزمایش با روش مرکب مرکزی (CCD) و در قالب ۲۶ ترکیب آزمایشی اجرا شد و پارامتر COD به‌عنوان شاخص اصلی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که PAC در مقایسه با سایر منعقدکننده‌ها، عملکرد بهتری در حذف COD داشته و در ترکیب بهینه با آهک و پلی‌الکترولیت، راندمان حذف بیش از 5/89 درصد با مقادیر غلظتی منعقد کننده، آهک و پلی الکترولیت به ترتیب mg/L 5/211، mg/L 5/41 و mg/L 1/2 و غلظت COD باقیمانده حدود mg/L 183 نشان داد. تحلیل واریانس (ANOVA)  مدل نشان داد که اثرات خطی و درجه دوم PAC و همچنین اثر متقابل PAC و آهک از نظر آماری معنادار (01/0>P) بودند، و مدل درجه دوم با F-value بالا، برازش مناسبی با داده‌ها داشت. در مجموع، استفاده ترکیبی از PAC، آهک و پلی‌آکریل‌آمید، روشی مؤثر، اقتصادی و قابل اعتماد برای تصفیه پیشرفته پساب‌های حاوی لاتکس است که می‌تواند در رسیدن به استانداردهای تخلیه  به منظور استفاده مجدد در کشاورزی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

چکیده انگلیسی :

Wastewater generated from glove manufacturing industries, particularly latex-containing effluents, is challenging to treat due to the presence of refractory organic compounds, stable colloids, and various chemical additives. This study aimed to optimize the chemical coagulation–flocculation process to reduce the organic load of such wastewater using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Three coagulants—aluminum sulfate (alum), ferric chloride (FeCl₃), and polyaluminum chloride (PAC)—were evaluated in combination with auxiliary coagulants, including lime and a polymeric polyelectrolyte (polyacrylamide). The experimental design was carried out using a Central Composite Design (CCD) comprising 26 experimental runs, with COD selected as the key performance indicator. The results showed that PAC outperformed the other coagulants in COD removal efficiency. Under optimal conditions, the combination of PAC, lime, and polyacrylamide achieved more than 89.5% COD removal, with respective concentrations of 211.5 mg/L (PAC), 41.5 mg/L (lime), and 2.1 mg/L (polyacrylamide), resulting in a residual COD concentration of approximately 183 mg/L. ANOVA results indicated that both the linear and quadratic effects of PAC, as well as its interaction with lime, were statistically significant (P < 0.01), and the second-order model demonstrated a strong fit with a high F-value. Overall, the combined use of PAC, lime, and polyacrylamide proved to be an effective, economical, and reliable method for the advanced treatment of latex-containing wastewater, potentially enabling compliance with discharge standards and facilitating reuse in agriculture.

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