مدلسازی و تحلیل سناریوی چالشهای بهکارگیری اینترنت اشیاء در زنجیره تأمین کسبوکارهای ایران
محورهای موضوعی : مديريت تکنولوژي
هاجر محمدی
1
,
اسماعیل مزروعی نصرابادی
2
*
,
زهرا صادقی آرانی
3
1 - دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران
2 - دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران
3 - دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران
کلید واژه: اینترنت اشیاء, چالشهای حکمرانی, چالشهای مدیریت زنجیره تأمین, چالشهای مدیریت مالی, چالشهای آموزش عمومی.,
چکیده مقاله :
با تشدید رقابت جهانی، کسبوکارها ملزم به توجه به دو موضوع فناوریهای نوین مانند اینترنتاشیاء و همچنین همکاری با شرکای زنجیره تأمین خود شدهاند. برای بهکارگیری اینترنتاشیاء در زنجیره تأمین، چالشهای متعددی وجود دارد که لازم است مورد بررسی قرار بگیرد. این موضوع در تحقیقات قبلی بررسی نشده است و این تحقیق با مشارکت در شناسایی این چالشها، مدلسازی و تحلیل سناریوی آنها به دنبال پوشش خلأ تحقیقاتی موجود است. این تحقیق در دو فاز کیفی و کمی انجام شده است. فاز کیفی بهمنظور شناسایی چالشها انجام شد. در این فاز، جامعه آماری تحقیق خبرگان زنجیره تأمین کسبوکارهای داخل کشور، شیوه نمونهگیری قضاوتی و گلولهبرفی و حجم نمونه براساس اشباع نظری تعیین گردید. دادهها از طریق مصاحبههای نیمه ساختاریافته شناسایی شد و با تحلیل تماتیک تجزیهوتحلیل گردید. در فاز دوم تحقیق، جامعه آماری و شیوه نمونهگیری مانند مرحله قبل است. حجم نمونه در مرحله دوم برابر با 12، ابزار گرداوری دادهها پرسشنامه محقق ساخته و شیوه تحلیل آنها، نگاشت شناختی فازی است. نتایج فاز اول تحقیق بیانگر 97 کد اولیه، 24 دسته فرعی و 11 دسته اصلی است. نتایج مدلسازی و تحلیل سناریوهای روبهجلو و روبه عقب بیانگر اهمیت ویژه چالشهای «مدیریت زنجیره تأمین»، «مدیریت مالی»، «آموزش عمومی» و «حکمرانی» است. تقویت توسعه دانشبنیان، ایجاد استانداردهای بومی در زمینه اینترنتاشیاء، افزایش یارانههای توسعه صنعتی مبنی بر فناوریهای نوین و تکنیکهای رمزگذاری قوی نمونهای از اقدامات مفید برای غلبه بر چالشها است.
In the context of intensifying global competition, organizations are compelled to adopt advanced technologies—such as the Internet of Things (IoT)—and to foster effective collaboration with their supply chain partners. Despite the increasing importance of IoT integration in supply chain systems, numerous implementation challenges remain insufficiently addressed in the existing literature. This study aims to identify these challenges, develop a structured model, and analyze related scenarios to address this research gap. The research was conducted in two sequential phases: qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative phase focused on identifying IoT-related challenges through semi-structured interviews with experts in Iranian business supply chains. Participants were selected using judgmental and snowball sampling methods, with the sample size determined based on the principle of theoretical saturation. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze the qualitative data. The quantitative phase involved the same population and sampling procedures. Twelve experts participated in this phase, during which data were collected via a researcher-developed questionnaire. Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping (FCM) was used to model and analyze the interrelationships among the identified challenges and to explore both forward and backward scenario paths. The qualitative findings yielded 97 initial codes, which were organized into 24 sub-categories and 11 main categories. Quantitative results revealed that the challenges of public education and governance are structurally independent within the system. Scenario analysis further emphasized the critical influence of supply chain management, financial management, public education, and governance. Recommended strategies for mitigating these challenges include promoting knowledge-based development, establishing localized IoT standards, enhancing industrial subsidies for technology adoption, and implementing robust encryption mechanisms.
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