تحلیل تطبیقی قوانین مربوط به کاربری زمین در چهارچوب حکمروایی اقلیمی چندسطحی (موردپژوهی: منطقه شهری قزوین)
محورهای موضوعی : محیط زیست شهریمصطفی مومنی 1 * , ناصر برک پور 2
1 - گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر، تهران، ایران
2 - گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: منطقه شهری قزوین, حکمروایی اقلیمی چندسطحی, کاربری زمین, حکمروایی از طریق اختیارات, قوانین و مقررات,
چکیده مقاله :
شهرنشینی و تغییرات اقلیمی، دو پدیده جهانی هستند و به لحاظ ذاتی دارای همبستگی می‌باشند. کاربری زمین نیز به عنوان یکی از مهم ترین عوامل در این حوزه به شیوه‌های مختلف تغییرات اقلیمی را تحت تاثیر قرار می‌دهد. یکی از راهکارهای مدیریت این مسئله بکارگیری حکمروایی اقلیمی چندسطحی است که یک چهارچوب مفهومی انعطاف پذیر برای درک روابط بین شهرها، مناطق و دولت‌های ملی در مسائل مربوط به راهبردهای کاهش و سازگاری را فراهم می‌آورد. هدف از این پژوهش ارزیابی قوانین مربوط به کاربری زمین با توجه به معیارهای شیوه اختیارات در چهارچوب حکمروایی اقلیمی چندسطحی در منطقه شهری قزوین بوده است. در این مطالعه از روش پژوهش اسنادی و فن بازبینی نظام مند متون و به منظور انطباق معیارهای شیوه اختیارات و مواد قانونی در قوانین و مقررات مورد بررسی، از روش تطبیقی–تحلیلی استفاده شده است. در این راستا 10 قانون ناظر به وجود موادی که در آن‌ها به مسئولین نهادهای محلی وظایف و اختیاراتی را در حوزه برنامه‌ریزی کاربری زمین اعطا کرده است، مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج مطالعه حاکی از آن است که چالش‌هایی همچون تاثیر سیاست‌ها و راهبردهای اسناد توسعه‌ای بر تصمیمات، اختلاف میان تصمیمات و اسناد بالادستی، تفاوت در ماهیت مراجع بررسی و صدور مجوزها، خلاء‌های قانونی در ارتباط با قانون‌های مرتبط و تناقض در اجرا در حوزه برنامه‌ریزی کاربری زمین در منطقه شهری قزوین وجود دارد و برخی تصمیم گیری‌ها در سطوح محلی بر اساس اختیارات واگذار شده کمتری اتخاذ شده و اقدامات منتج از آن بیشتر در معرض آسیب است.
Urbanization and climate change are two global phenomena and are inherently correlated. Land use, as one of the most important factors in this field, affects climate change in various ways. One way to manage this issue is to use multilevel climate governance, which provides a flexible conceptual framework for understanding the relationship between cities, regions, and national governments related to mitigation and adaptation strategies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the laws related to land use according to the criteria of the governing by authority in the framework of multilevel climate governance in Qazvin urban region. In this study, the method of documentary research and the technique of systematic review of texts and in order to comply with the criteria of the governing by authority and legal materials in the laws and regulations, the comparative-analytical method has been used. In this way, 10 laws regarding the existence of legal articles were evaluated, in which local government officials have been given authority in the field of land use planning. The results of the study indicate that ther are different challenges such as the impact of policies and strategies of development documents on decisions, differences between decisions and upstream documents, differences in the type of reference review and licensing, legal gaps in related laws and inconsistencies in implementation in the field of land use planning in Qazvin urban region, and some decisions are based on less delegated authority at the local level, and the resulting actions are more vulnerable.
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