بررسی کارایی نانوکامپوزیت آهن (III) اکسید/ خاک اره در حذف COD از شیرابه لندفیل: بهینه‌سازی و بررسی ایزوترم جذب
محورهای موضوعی : تکنولوژی آب و فاضلاب
نیلوفر عابدین زاده
1
,
حمید شرفی نسب
2
,
فریبا استوار
3
*
1 - پژوهشکده محیط زیست جهاددانشگاهی
2 - موسسه آموزش عالی جهاد دانشگاهی
3 - پژوهشکده محیط زیست جهاددانشگاهی
کلید واژه: نانوذرات مغناطیسی, شیرابه لندفیل, نانوکامپوزیت, تصفیه, COD, ایزوترم,
چکیده مقاله :
یکی از مشخصه‌های زباله‌های شهری، درصد بالای مواد آلي فسادپذیر است که با تولید میزان قابل‌توجهی شیرابه همراه است. شیرابه حاصل از زباله، اعم از زباله‌های تـازه، توده‌های کمپوست و یا محل دفن، دارای انواع مـواد آلی و معدنی بـه شکل معلق و محلول بـوده و همچنین ممکن است دارای انواع عوامل بیماری‌زا و ترکیبات فلزات سنگین نیز باشد. بنابراین شیرابه حاصله می‌تواند منجر بـه مشکلات محیط زیستی بسیاری شـود. هدف از این پژوهش، حذف COD شیرابه مراکز دفن زباله با استفاده از نانوکامپوزیت مغناطیسی زیستی آهنIII) ) اکسید/خاک اره است. ابتدا نانوکامپوزیت مغناطیسی Fe3O4/SD به روش رسوب‌دهی شیمیایی سنتز شد و بررسی ساختار و مورفولوژی نانوکامپوزیت سنتز شده، با تکنیک اسکن اشعه ایکس (XRD) و میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی میدانی (FE-SEM) انجام گرفت. سپس، اثر متغیرهای تأثیرگذار بر فرآیند جذبی شامل pH، زمان تماس، مقدار جاذب و دما بر حذف شاخص COD بررسی شد. نتایج پارامترهای تأثیرگذار نشان داد که بیشترین راندمان حذف COD در pH برابر 7، مقدار جاذب 4/0 گرم، زمان تماس 45 دقیقه و دمای 45 درجه سانتی‌گراد با راندمان حذف حدود 70 درصد مشاهده شده است. بررسی‌های ایزوترمی نیز نشان داد که فرآیند حذف از ایزوترم فروندلیچ تبعیت بیشتری کرده (9243/0 R2=) و ناهمگن بودن و چند لایه بودن فرآیند جذب تایید شد. در‌نهایت، نتایج نشان داد که تصفیه بار آلی شیرابه مراکز لندفیل با استفاده از فرآیند جذبی نانوکامپوزیت مغناطیسی آهنIII)) اکسید/خاک اره امکان‌پذیر بوده و میتوان به عنوان روشی کارآمد در تصفیه شیرابه مراکز لندفیل و کارخانجات کمپوست بکار برد.
One of the characteristics of municipal wastes is the high percentage of perishable organic matter, which is associated with a significant amount of leachate production. Waste leachate, whether fresh, compost or landfill leachate, has a variety of suspended and soluble organic and inorganic materials, and may also contain a variety of pathogens and heavy metal compounds. Therefore, the leachate can lead to many environmental problems. The purpose of this study is COD removal from landfill leachate using bio-magnetic iron (III) oxide/sawdust nanocomposite. First, Fe3O4/SD magnetic nanocomposite was synthesized by the chemical precipitation method and the structure and morphology of the synthesized nanocomposite were investigated using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Field Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) technique. Then, the effect of influential variables on the adsorption process including pH, contact time, adsorbent amount, and temperature on the removal of COD were investigated. The results of effective parameters showed that the highest COD removal efficiency was observed at pH 7, the adsorbent amount of 0.4 g, the contact time of 45 minutes, and the temperature of 45°C with a removal efficiency of about 70%. Also, the isotherm studies confirmed that the removal process followed the Freundlich isotherm more closely (R2= 0.9243) and the heterogeneity and multilayers of the adsorption process were confirmed. Finally, the results showed that treatment of the landfill centers leachate's organic load is possible using the adsorption process of Fe3O4/SD magnetic nanocomposite and can be used as an efficient method in leachate treatment of landfill centers and compost plants.
دانشگاهی, پ. م. ز. ج. (1388). طرح جامع مدیریت پسماند استان گیلان. Retrieved from
عمرانی, ق. ع. (1389). مواد زائد جامد، مدیریت، جمع آوری و حمل و نقل، دفن بهداشتی و تهیه کمپوست: دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی.
Abdullah, N. H., Shameli, K., Nia, P. M., Etesami, M., Abdullah, E. C., & Abdullah, L. C. (2020). Electrocatalytic activity of starch/Fe3O4/zeolite bionanocomposite for oxygen reduction reaction. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 13(1), 1297-1308.
Al-Saad, K., Amr, M., Hadi, D., Arar, R., Al-Sulaiti, M., Abdulmalik, T., . . . Kwak, J. (2012). Iron oxide nanoparticles: applicability for heavy metal removal from contaminated water. Arab Journal of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, 45(2), 335-346.
Ansari, R., & Mosayebzadeh, Z. (2011). Application of polyaniline as an efficient and novel adsorbent for azo dyes removal from textile wastewaters. Chemical Papers, 65(1), 1-8.
Bashir, M. J., Aziz, H. A., Yusoff, M. S., Huqe, A., & Mohajeri, S. (2010). Effects of ion exchange resins in different mobile ion forms on semi-aerobic landfill leachate treatment. Water Science and Technology, 61(3), 641-649.
Deng, Y., Chen, N., Feng, C., Chen, F., Wang, H., Kuang, P., . . . Hu, W. (2019). Treatment of organic wastewater containing nitrogen and chlorine by combinatorial electrochemical system: Taking biologically treated landfill leachate treatment as an example. Chemical Engineering Journal, 364, 349-360.
El-Fadel, M., Findikakis, A. N., & Leckie, J. O. (1997). Environmental impacts of solid waste landfilling. Journal of environmental management, 50(1), 1-25.
Erabee, I., Ahsan, A., Jose, B., Aziz, M. M. A., Ng, A., Idrus, S., & Daud, N. (2018). Adsorptive treatment of landfill leachate using activated carbon modified with three different methods. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 22(4), 1083-1095.
Esdaki, Z., Ansari, R., & Ostovar, F. (2019). Removal of Nickel (II) ions from aqueous solutions using Iron (III) oxide nanoparticles: study of kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic models. Iranian Journal of Health and Environment, 12(3), 383-396.
Fan, S., Pei, S., Shen, T., Xu, G., Li, Y., & Fan, W. (2019). Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Magnetic Sawdust as Effective and Recyclable Oil Sorbents. Materials, 12(20), 3432.
Federation, W. E., & Association, A. P. H. (2005). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. American Public Health Association (APHA): Washington, DC, USA.
Ghasemi, M., Mashhadi, S., & Azimi-Amin, J. (2018). Fe3O4/AC nanocomposite as a novel nano adsorbent for effective removal of cationic dye: Process optimization based on Taguchi design method, kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics. Journal of Water and Environmental Nanotechnology, 3(4), 321-336.
González-Ipia, N., Bolaños-Chamorro, K. C., Acuña-Bedoya, J. D., Machuca-Martínez, F., & Castilla-Acevedo, S. F. (2020). Enhancement of the adsorption of hexacyanoferrate (III) ion on granular activated carbon by the addition of cations: A promissory application to mining wastewater treatment. Journal of environmental chemical engineering, 8(5), 104336.
Guo, R., Meng, Q., Zhang, H., Zhang, X., Li, B., Cheng, Q., & Cheng, X. (2019). Construction of Fe2O3/Co3O4/exfoliated graphite composite and its high efficient treatment of landfill leachate by activation of potassium persulfate. Chemical Engineering Journal, 355, 952-962.
Han, M., Duan, X., Cao, G., Zhu, S., & Ho, S.-H. (2020). Graphitic nitride-catalyzed advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for landfill leachate treatment: A mini review. Process Safety and Environmental Protection.
Hou, S., Jia, S., Jia, J., He, Z., Li, G., Zuo, Q., & Zhuang, H. (2020). Fe3O4 nanoparticles loading on cow dung based activated carbon as an efficient catalyst for catalytic microbubble ozonation of biologically pretreated coal gasification wastewater. Journal of environmental management, 267, 110615.
Joshi, S., Garg, V., Kataria, N., & Kadirvelu, K. (2019). Applications of Fe3O4@ AC nanoparticles for dye removal from simulated wastewater. Chemosphere, 236, 124280.
Kataria, N., & Garg, V. (2019). Application of EDTA modified Fe3O4/sawdust carbon nanocomposites to ameliorate methylene blue and brilliant green dye laden water. Environmental research, 172, 43-54.
Liu, X., Tian, J., Li, Y., Sun, N., Mi, S., Xie, Y., & Chen, Z. (2019). Enhanced dyes adsorption from wastewater via Fe3O4 nanoparticles functionalized activated carbon. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 373, 397-407.
Moafi, H., Ansari, R., & Ostovar, F. (2016). Ag2O/Sawdust nanocomposite as an efficient adsorbent for removal of hexavalent chromium ions from aqueous solutions. Journal of Materials and Environmental Science, 7(6), 2051-2068.
Pashaki, S. G. A., Khojastehpour, M., Ebrahimi-Nik, M., & Rohani, A. Treatment of municipal landfill leachate: Optimization of organic loading rate in a two-stage CSTR followed by aerobic degradation. Renewable Energy, 163, 1210-1221.
Pourkarim, S., Ostovar, F., Mahdavianpour, M., & Moslemzadeh, M. (2017). Adsorption of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution by Artist’s Bracket fungi. Separation Science and Technology, 52(10), 1733-1741.
Qu, S., Huang, F., Yu, S., Chen, G., & Kong, J. (2008). Magnetic removal of dyes from aqueous solution using multi-walled carbon nanotubes filled with Fe2O3 particles. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 160(2-3), 643-647.
Saçak, M., Akbulut, U., & Batchelder, D. N. (1998). Characterization of electrochemically produced, two-component films of conducting polymers by Raman microscopy. Polymer, 39(20), 4735-4739.
Setayesh, S. R., Nazari, P., & Maghbool, R. (2020). Engineered FeVO4/CeO2 nanocomposite as a two-way superior electro-Fenton catalyst for model and real wastewater treatment. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 97, 110-119.
Silva, V., Andrade, P., Silva, M., Valladares, L. D. L. S., & Aguiar, J. A. (2013). Synthesis and characterization of Fe3O4 nanoparticles coated with fucan polysaccharides. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 343, 138-143.
Sletten, R. S., Benjamin, M. M., Horng, J., & Ferguson, J. F. (1995). Physical-chemical treatment of landfill leachate for metals removal. Water Research, 29(10), 2376-2386.
Soubh, A. M., Baghdadi, M., Abdoli, M. A., & Aminzadeh, B. (2018). Zero-valent iron nanofibers (ZVINFs) immobilized on the surface of reduced ultra-large graphene oxide (rULGO) as a persulfate activator for treatment of landfill leachate. Journal of environmental chemical engineering, 6(5), 6568-6579.
Srivastava, P., & Hasan, S. H. (2011). Biomass of Mucor heimalis for the biosorption of cadmium from aqueous solutions: equilibrium and kinetic studies. BioResources, 6(4), 3656-3675.
Taimoory, S. M., Trant, J. F., Rahdar, A., Aliahmad, M., Sadeghfar, F., & Hashemzaei, M. (2017). Importance of the inter-electrode distance for the electrochemical synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, computational modelling, and cytotoxicity. e-Journal of Surface Science and Nanotechnology, 15, 31-39.
Tavakoli, M., Safa, F., & Abedinzadeh, N. (2019). Binary nanocomposite of Fe3O4/MWCNTs for adsorption of Reactive Violet 2: Taguchi design, kinetics and equilibrium isotherms. Fullerenes, Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures, 27(4), 305-316.
Umamaheswari, J., Bharathkumar, T., Shanthakumar, S., & Gothandam, K. (2020). A feasibility study on optimization of combined advanced oxidation processes for municipal solid waste leachate treatment. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 143, 212-221.
Wang, X., Liu, Y., Arandiyan, H., Yang, H., Bai, L., Mujtaba, J., . . . Sun, H. (2016). Uniform Fe3O4 microflowers hierarchical structures assembled with porous nanoplates as superior anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Applied Surface Science, 389, 240-246.
Wu, H., Liu, G., Zhuang, Y., Wu, D., Zhang, H., Yang, H., . . . Yang, S. (2011). The behavior after intravenous injection in mice of multiwalled carbon nanotube/Fe3O4 hybrid MRI contrast agents. Biomaterials, 32(21), 4867-4876.
Yang, Z., Karczewska-Golec, J., Styczynski, M., Bajda, T., & Drewniak, L. Characterization of Fe-based sediments received from chemical pre-treatment of hydrometallurgical waste leachate from the recycling of alkaline batteries. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 403, 123988.
Yong, Z. J., Bashir, M. J., Ng, C. A., Sethupathi, S., & Lim, J.-W. (2018). A sequential treatment of intermediate tropical landfill leachate using a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and coagulation. Journal of environmental management, 205, 244-252.
Yusoff, A., Salimi, M. N., & Jamlos, M. F. (2017). Synthesis and characterization of biocompatible Fe3O4 nanoparticles at different pH. Paper presented at the AIP Conference Proceedings.
Zamri, M. F. M. A., Kamaruddin, M. A., Yusoff, M. S., Aziz, H. A., & Foo, K. Y. (2017). Semi-aerobic stabilized landfill leachate treatment by ion exchange resin: isotherm and kinetic study. Applied Water Science, 7(2), 581-590.