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Open Access Article
1 - A review of the assessment and management of the ecological risk of invasive plants
ساجده مدنی mokarram ravanbakhsh مریم پناهندهDue to the increase in human activities, the destructive impact on the environment is not limited to a particular region of the world. Including the destructive impacts are entering non-native plant species around the world that during the 200 years ago with the spread MoreDue to the increase in human activities, the destructive impact on the environment is not limited to a particular region of the world. Including the destructive impacts are entering non-native plant species around the world that during the 200 years ago with the spread of agriculture, increase the exchange of goods, increased human activities as well as increasing environmental destruction, it's increasing. Although only a limited number of non-native species can be invasive, the negative effects of these species on natural and crop communities, human and animal health, and the changing ecosystem characteristics are so high that the research process is constantly expanding in this regard. One of the damages, which has received considerable attention in recent years, is the problem of the introduction of non-native (invasive) plant species into natural ecosystems, but not all non-native species are harmful. Sometimes non-native species are well absorbed by the ecosystem and positioned like native species. But invasive species are species that are not native ecosystems, and their entry causes economic, environmental or human health damage. In this study, the ecological risk assessment of aggressive plants will be provided and suitable strategies for controlling entry and risk reduction will be presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Environmental risk assesssment of construction of caspian port in Anzali free zone by using Integration AHP& TOPSIS
shamim moghadami niloofar Abedinzade Maryam Haghighi khomamiEnvironmental risk assessment is a further step of environmental impact assessment and analyze different aspects of risk, while understanding the Environmental impact zone, the environmental sensitivity of the area affected by special environmental values as well as ana MoreEnvironmental risk assessment is a further step of environmental impact assessment and analyze different aspects of risk, while understanding the Environmental impact zone, the environmental sensitivity of the area affected by special environmental values as well as analysis and risk assessment district is considered. To accomplish this study first by using of field investigation the activities which leads to risk in construction of Caspian port water front were identified and in order to extract the significant risks the specialists questioner (Delphi) was used. Finally among the identified risks, 10 environmental risks were chosen for prioritizing.After identifying the risks, indicators such as probability, severity of risk and the sensibility of the environment were selected as prioritizing criteria. AHP method and ECPRO 2000 software, for determining the risk probability, for determination the severity of risk scores and the reference texts for determining the values of sensitivity were applied. After determining the indicators, the TOPSIS software was used to risk prioritizing. The results of prioritizing studied risk showed that the highest risk is related to increased turbidity, deformation of substrate and water pollution are with weights 0.938, 0.898 and 0.662 respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Development process on regional risk assessment
ساجده مدنی mokarram ravanbakhsh مریم پناهندهEcoRA, which is aimed at appraising a wide range of undesirable impacts on ecosystems exposed to a possible eco-environmental hazard, has been highly recommended for environmental decision-making. In this paper reviews the development history of ecological risk assessme MoreEcoRA, which is aimed at appraising a wide range of undesirable impacts on ecosystems exposed to a possible eco-environmental hazard, has been highly recommended for environmental decision-making. In this paper reviews the development history of ecological risk assessment (EcoRA) and presents a perspective for EcoRA and management. In addition, regional EcoRA needs to make further efforts, especially in theoretical study, uncertainty analysis, integrated use of GIS software and comprehensive risk assessment at regional scale in the future work. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Evaluation of health risk due to inhalation of volatile organic components in the ambient air of Khorramabad.
Arman SaeiIn this paper, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment is investigated by inhalation volatile organic components in the ambient air of Khorramabad. These compounds include benzene, ethylbenzene , toluene , xylenes (BTEX) and normal Hexane. To assess the risk MoreIn this paper, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment is investigated by inhalation volatile organic components in the ambient air of Khorramabad. These compounds include benzene, ethylbenzene , toluene , xylenes (BTEX) and normal Hexane. To assess the risk ,first two different scenarios were defined based on the exposure of people to the organic compounds in question and the duration of respiration. Then, the average amount of intake CDI or respiration of mentioned pollutants during life was extracted based on dual scenarios in 11 areas of Khorramabad city. The carcinogenic risk for benzene and ethylbenzene compounds as well as the non- carcinogenic risk for all pollutants discussed in both scenarios were calculated and discussed. It should be noted that due to the high amount of calculations and ease and accuracy in results, programming was done in excel software environment and the initial and final results were calculated directly from this method and the necessary diagrams were drawn. According to the calculation , the annual risk and the total risk of carcinogenicity of inhaling the pollutants in question in the air of Khorramabad for the first scenario are equal to 1.51 E -06 and 5.65 E-01 people per year , respectively. Also, the annual risk and the total risk for the second scenario are 6.19E-07 and 2.31 E-01 per year ,respectively. In addition , the non-carcinogenic risk index for inhalation of the these compounds in the ambient air of Khorramabad is 3.898 and 0.594 for the first and second scenarios respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Assessment of individual and collective risk of leakage in South Pars Refinery based on estimation of reproducibility of connections and modeling of PHAST software
Gholamreza Jafarinejad Sina Davazdah Emami Mohammad VelayatzadehIn this research, in order to investigate the scope of the effect of two types of fire, Flash Fire and Jet Fire, and to determine the individual and collective risk related to the gas tanks of South Pars refineries, the quantitative risk assessment method was used using MoreIn this research, in order to investigate the scope of the effect of two types of fire, Flash Fire and Jet Fire, and to determine the individual and collective risk related to the gas tanks of South Pars refineries, the quantitative risk assessment method was used using PHAST software. To obtain reproducibility for the inlet and outlet valve flange leakage scenario, all connections in the path were examined separately for each scenario and their reproducibility was calculated. The results related to the gas tanks of South Pars refineries showed that among the leaks, the leakage related to the inlet valve flange and the outlet valve flange, according to their location (close to the car parking lot and vehicle traffic road as well as the traffic route) people and buildings around it) is more important. The individual risk contour diagram is the result of the combination of two scenarios, inlet valve and outlet valve, which shows the amount of deaths per year within the specified limits. This means that the collective risk of the area under investigation is high. Considering the conditions in the South Pars Refinery in terms of regional weather conditions, wind speed and direction, prevailing wind direction, the location of the buildings in the station and its population distribution, we come to the conclusion that in the event of a leakage incident, the consequences It is in the form of release of flammable gas and two possible types of fire, Jet Fire and Flash Fire. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Investigation pesticide residues of Mevinphos and Ethion in apple and grape and health risk assessment based on Monte Carlo Simulation
Behzad Mohammadi Khangahi Neda Sohili Maleki Lila Abbaszadeh Gholamhossein SafariApples and grapes are useful fruits that are widely consumed by humans. These fruits have many pests and diseases, which are controlled by different types of pesticides. Therefore, pesticides enter the human food chain through the consumption of fruits and vegetables an MoreApples and grapes are useful fruits that are widely consumed by humans. These fruits have many pests and diseases, which are controlled by different types of pesticides. Therefore, pesticides enter the human food chain through the consumption of fruits and vegetables and cause health problems. Therefore, monitoring pesticide residues in fruits and vegetable is necessary. In this study, mevinphos and ethion pesticide residues in 24 apple and grape samples collected from Maragheh County of eastern Azerbaijan province were analyzed based on a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method combined with Gas Chromatography and mass spectrometry. Moreover, the probabilistic health risk assessment includes non-carcinogenic risk were estimated by hazard quotient using the Monte Carlo Simulation method. The results indicated mevinphos and ethion pesticide residues were detected in 100.00% of the analyzed samples. The ethion residue average in apple and grape samples were 0.08 and 0.09 mg/kg, respectively, which was lower than maximum residue levels (MRL) of Iran. The mevinphos residue average in apple and grape samples were 0.12 and 0.13 mg/kg, respectively, which was above than Iranian MRL. Also, the residues of Ethion and Moinfos in 100% of the apple and grape samples were higher than the MRL of the European Union. Monte Carlo Analysis results indicated that HQ amount with 100 % certainty in children’s and adults were less than 1. Therefore, the consumption of apples and grapes does not pose any significant risk to the health of consumers. Manuscript profile
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